https://ryansultan.com/blog Evidence-based insights on ADHD, cannabis research, and psychiatry from Dr. Ryan Sultan, Columbia University psychiatrist and NIH-funded researcher. en-us Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/85-percent-adults-adhd-undiagnosed Research shows 85% of adults with ADHD are undiagnosed and untreated. Learn why adult ADHD goes unrecognized and how to get help in NYC. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/85-percent-adults-adhd-undiagnosed https://ryansultan.com/blog/add-vs-adhd ADD vs ADHD explained by Columbia psychiatrist. Learn why the term ADD was replaced, what changed in the DSM, and what it means for diagnosis and treatment. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/add-vs-adhd https://ryansultan.com/blog/adhd-autism ADHD vs autism: Columbia psychiatrist explains overlapping symptoms, key differences, how to tell them apart, and when dual diagnosis applies. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/adhd-autism https://ryansultan.com/blog/adhd-medications-still-working ADHD medications remain effective, but their biggest benefits are getting smaller as diagnosis expands. Research-based analysis from Columbia psychiatrist. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/adhd-medications-still-working https://ryansultan.com/blog/adhd-paralysis-quick-tips-that-actually-work I keep seeing this question about ADHD paralysis in my practice. Here's what actually helps. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/adhd-paralysis-quick-tips-that-actually-work https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-anxiety-connection ADHD and anxiety co-occur in 50% of cases. Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Sultan explains how to distinguish them, which came first, and how treatment differs when both are present. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-anxiety-connection https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-burnout-high-achievers ADHD burnout in high achievers explained by Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Sultan. The masking-to-burnout pipeline, executive function depletion, hormonal triggers, and recovery strategies. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-burnout-high-achievers https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-coaching-therapy-medication ADHD coaching vs therapy vs medication compared by Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Sultan. MTA study findings, when to use which, and integrative approaches. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-coaching-therapy-medication https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-girls-vs-boys Why girls are diagnosed with ADHD 2-3x less often than boys. Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Sultan explains presentation differences, referral bias, hormonal factors, and his MarketScan research on ADHD sex differences. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-girls-vs-boys https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-in-women-diagnosis Why women with ADHD are diagnosed 5-10 years later than men. Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Sultan on the masking effect, hormonal factors, and what women should know about getting evaluated. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-in-women-diagnosis https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-medication-tolerance Why your ADHD medication stopped working, explained by Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Sultan. Pharmacological tolerance, tachyphylaxis, dose optimization, drug holidays, and switching strategies. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-medication-tolerance https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-rsd-guide Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria (RSD) in ADHD explained by Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Sultan. Neurobiological basis, how it differs from social anxiety, treatment options, and coping strategies. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-rsd-guide https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-sleep 75-80% of people with ADHD have sleep problems. Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Sultan explains delayed sleep phase, racing mind, stimulant effects, melatonin evidence, and solutions that work for ADHD brains. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adhd-sleep https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adult-adhd-diagnosis Why adult ADHD is missed even by experienced clinicians. Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Sultan explains childhood criteria bias, compensatory strategies, sex differences, the 85% undiagnosed statistic, and what a proper evaluation looks like. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-adult-adhd-diagnosis https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-ai-digital-therapeutic Dr. Ryan Sultan on building PAWS, an AI-powered digital therapeutic for cannabis use disorder at Columbia University. The promise and challenges of LLMs in behavioral health. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-ai-digital-therapeutic https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-cannabis-adhd-risk Cannabis and ADHD research explained by Dr. Sultan, a dual expert in ADHD and cannabis at Columbia University. Self-medication patterns, effects on attention and executive function, dopamine overlap, and medication interactions. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-cannabis-adhd-risk https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-cannabis-labeling-nyc Columbia researchers analyzed cannabis product labeling in NYC. Findings on inaccurate THC labels, missing safety warnings, and youth-oriented packaging from licensed and unlicensed retailers. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-cannabis-labeling-nyc https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-cannabis-teen-mental-health-study Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Ryan Sultan shares findings from the Pediatrics 2026 study on cannabis and adolescent mental health. Even low-frequency use linked to academic and emotional harm. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-cannabis-teen-mental-health-study https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-cost-untreated-adhd The economic and personal costs of untreated ADHD: $77-138B annual US burden, 30% income gap, higher accident rates, substance use risk. By Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Sultan. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-cost-untreated-adhd https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-evolutionary-adhd-mismatch ADHD as an evolutionary mismatch disorder explained by Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Sultan. Hunter-farmer hypothesis, DRD4-7R gene, cross-cultural prevalence, and implications for treatment. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-evolutionary-adhd-mismatch https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-stimulant-medications-protection Do ADHD stimulant medications increase or decrease substance use risk? Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Sultan reviews the JAMA Psychiatry 2025 evidence on protective effects of ADHD medication. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-stimulant-medications-protection https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-stimulant-vs-nonstimulant Stimulant vs non-stimulant ADHD medications compared by Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Sultan. Mechanism differences, efficacy data, side effects, abuse potential, and who benefits from which. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-stimulant-vs-nonstimulant https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-why-i-study-cannabis Columbia psychiatrist Dr. Ryan Sultan on why he chose to study cannabis and youth mental health. The gap between public perception and clinical evidence, and what drives his research. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/blog-why-i-study-cannabis https://ryansultan.com/blog/wellbutrin-adhd Wellbutrin (bupropion) for ADHD explained by Columbia psychiatrist. Evidence on effectiveness, stimulant comparisons, who benefits, and side effects. Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT noreply@ryansultan.com (Ryan S. Sultan, MD) https://ryansultan.com/blog/wellbutrin-adhd